天康鎧裝熱電偶是(shi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)測(ce)量(liang)中應用zui廣泛的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)器件，他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)主要特點就是(shi)測(ce)溫(wen)范圍寬，性(xing)能比較穩定，同(tong)(tong)(tong)時結(jie)構簡單，動態響應好，更能夠遠傳(chuan)4-20mA電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號，便(bian)于(yu)(yu)自(zi)動控(kong)制(zhi)和(he)集(ji)中控(kong)制(zhi)。天康鎧裝(zhuang)熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)偶的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)溫(wen)原理是(shi)基于(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應。將兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)或半導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)成閉(bi)合回(hui)路(lu)，當兩(liang)個接(jie)(jie)(jie)點處的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)時，回(hui)路(lu)中將產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)現象稱(cheng)為(wei)熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應，又稱(cheng)為(wei)塞貝克效應。閉(bi)合回(hui)路(lu)中產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)有(you)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)組成;溫(wen)差電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)和(he)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)。溫(wen)差電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)是(shi)指同(tong)(tong)(tong)一導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端因溫(wen)度(du)(du)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)而產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)具有(you)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)密(mi)度(du)(du)，所(suo)以(yi)他(ta)們(men)(men)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)也不(bu)相同(tong)(tong)(tong)，而接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)顧(gu)名思義就是(shi)指兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)相接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)時，因為(wei)他(ta)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)密(mi)度(du)(du)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)所(suo)以(yi)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)一定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)擴散(san)，當他(ta)們(men)(men)達到一定的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)衡后所(suo)形成的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)，接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)大小取決于(yu)(yu)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)性(xing)質以(yi)及他(ta)們(men)(men)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)點的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)(du)。

　　上(shang)應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)具有(you)一個標準規范，上(shang)規定鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)八個不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)度(du)(du)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)別為(wei)(wei)B，R，S，K，N，E，J和T，其(qi)(qi)測(ce)量溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)zui低可(ke)測(ce)零下270攝氏度(du)(du)，zui高可(ke)達1800攝氏度(du)(du)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)B，R，S屬(shu)于(yu)鉑(bo)系列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)，由于(yu)鉑(bo)屬(shu)于(yu)貴重金屬(shu)，所以(yi)他們(men)(men)又(you)被稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)貴金屬(shu)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)而(er)剩(sheng)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾個則稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)廉價金屬(shu)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)。鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構有(you)兩(liang)種，普通型和鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)型。普通性熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)一般(ban)由熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)，絕緣(yuan)管(guan)(guan)，保護套(tao)管(guan)(guan)和接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)盒(he)等部分(fen)(fen)(fen)組(zu)(zu)成，而(er)鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)型熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)則是將熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)絲，絕緣(yuan)材料(liao)和金屬(shu)保護套(tao)管(guan)(guan)三(san)者組(zu)(zu)合(he)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)后(hou)，經過拉伸加工而(er)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種堅實的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)(zu)合(he)體(ti)。但是熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)信號卻需要一種特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)來進行傳遞，這(zhe)種導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)我們(men)(men)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)需要不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，其(qi)(qi)主要作用(yong)就是與(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)連接(jie)(jie)，使熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參比(bi)端(duan)遠離(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，從而(er)使參比(bi)端(duan)溫(wen)度(du)(du)穩定。補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)又(you)分(fen)(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)型和延長型兩(liang)種，延長導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化學成分(fen)(fen)(fen)與(yu)(yu)(yu)被補(bu)(bu)償(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)相同(tong)，但是實際中(zhong)，延長型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)也并不是用(yong)和熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)相同(tong)材質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)，一般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)和熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)具有(you)相同(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子密度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代替。補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)與(yu)(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一般(ban)都是很明了，鎧(kai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)熱(re)(re)(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正極(ji)連接(jie)(jie)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紅(hong)色(se)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，而(er)負極(ji)則連接(jie)(jie)剩(sheng)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顏色(se)。一般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補(bu)(bu)償(chang)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材質大部分(fen)(fen)(fen)都采(cai)用(yong)銅鎳(nie)合(he)金。